According to the purpose, it can be divided into domestic sewing machine, industrial sewing machine and service industry sewing machine in between; according to the driving mode, it can be divided into hand, pedal and electric sewing machine; according to the sewing stitches, it can be divided into Handstitch, bartack stitch, single-thread chainstitch, double-thread or multiple-thread chainstitch, single-thread or multiple-thread covering chainstitch and multiple-thread covering chainstitch sewing machines.
During the sewing process, every time the needle of the sewing machine passes through the sewing material twice, the unit formed by the stitches at its spacing is called a stitch. Many consecutive stitches make up a seam. According to the Chinese national standard GB4514-84, there are 88 kinds of stitches in six categories. Among them, 100 types are single-thread chain stitches, with 7 types in total; 200 types are imitation hand sewing stitches, with 13 types in total; 300 types are double-thread or multi-thread lock stitches, with 27 types in total; 400 types There are 17 types of double-thread or multi-thread chain stitches; 500 types are single-thread or multi-thread chain stitches, and there are 15 types; 600 types are multi-thread covered chain stitches (also known as stretch seams) Stitch), there are 9 kinds in total. Typical stitches include single-thread chain, double-thread lock, double-thread chain, three-thread edging chain, and double-needle four-thread covered chain. In fact, there are many colors of sewing machines, such as white sewing machine and so on.
Single chain stitch
Formed by self-union of a single thread on the needle. The upper surface of the sewing material is in the shape of dots and lines, and the lower surface is self-connected in the shape of a chain. This stitch is elastic and easy to unravel, suitable for sewing elastic fabrics. It is mostly used for sewing temporary seams, rough seams and bag seals, and is also commonly used for buttoning on shirts. To prevent the seam from unraveling, thread the end of the thread through the last loop on the lower surface.
Double lock stitch
It consists of the needle thread on the upper needle and the shuttle thread in the lower shuttle interlaced in the middle of the sewing material. The stitches have the same appearance on the top and bottom of the sewing material. It is flat and tight, not easy to loose, but not elastic. Of all stitches, it is the most versatile. This stitch is produced by both domestic and industrial sewing machines with shuttles. Widely used for sewing garments, leather and paper, etc., but not suitable for elastic fabrics. It is the least thread-consuming stitch except for hand stitches.
Double chain stitch
It is composed of the upper needle thread and the lower hook thread interconnected. The upper surface of the sewing material is the same as the double-thread lock stitch, and the lower surface of the sewing material is interconnected by 3 sutures to form a chain-like harness. It is not as tight as a lock stitch, but stronger and more elastic than a single chain stitch. The thread consumption is about 1.3 times more than that of lockstitch. It is suitable for sewing knitted fabrics, and it is also used for the sealing of bags. It is usually used to sew clothes such as trousers in the form of double needles. It has a wide range of uses, second only to lock stitch.
Three-thread covered chain stitch
It consists of the upper needle suture and the lower two hook sutures. It can not only sew the sewing material, but also wrap the edge of the sewing material at the same time. It is elastic and suitable for sewing knitted fabrics. There are no obvious stitches on the front when sewing the hem of garments. It is also widely used for hemming of single-layer garments to prevent the fabric from loosening.
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